{"id":1985,"date":"2021-03-10T01:08:08","date_gmt":"2021-03-10T01:08:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/?p=1985"},"modified":"2021-12-28T07:16:49","modified_gmt":"2021-12-28T07:16:49","slug":"the-drake-equation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2021\/03\/10\/the-drake-equation\/","title":{"rendered":"The Drake Equation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The Drake equation is:<\/p>

\"{\\displaystyle<\/span><\/dd><\/dl>

where:<\/p>

N<\/i><\/span> = the number of civilizations in our galaxy with which communication might be possible (i.e. which are on our current past light cone);<\/dd><\/dl>

and<\/p>

R<\/i>\u2217<\/sub><\/span> = the average rate of star formation in our galaxy<\/dd>
f<\/i>p<\/sub><\/span> = the fraction of those stars that have planets<\/dd>
n<\/i>e<\/sub><\/span> = the average number of planets that can potentially support life per star that has planets<\/dd>
f<\/i>l<\/sub><\/span> = the fraction of planets that could support life that actually develop life at some point<\/dd>
f<\/i>i<\/sub><\/span> = the fraction of planets with life that actually go on to develop intelligent life (civilizations)<\/dd>
f<\/i>c<\/sub><\/span> = the fraction of civilizations that develop a technology that releases detectable signs of their existence into space<\/dd>
L<\/i><\/span> = the length of time for which such civilizations release detectable signals into space<\/sup><\/dd><\/dl>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The orbs, traveling along the twisting double helix DNA strand, are covered with silver metal leafing and represent carbon molecules.<\/p>

Carbon is a primary component of all known life on Earth.<\/span><\/p>

How common is DNA?<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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I do believe we are not the only intelligent life in our galaxy.<\/p>

I also believe we are not the only life in our solar system.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00ad\u00ad\u25cf\u00a0 We are not\u0098 alone\u00ad\u00ad\u00a0 \u25cf<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Drake equation is: where: N = the number of civilizations in our galaxy with which communication might be possible (i.e. which are on our current past light cone); and R\u2217 = the average rate of star formation in our galaxy fp = the fraction of those stars that have planets ne = the average […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2013,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"zakra_page_container_layout":"customizer","zakra_page_sidebar_layout":"customizer","zakra_remove_content_margin":false,"zakra_sidebar":"customizer","zakra_transparent_header":"customizer","zakra_logo":0,"zakra_main_header_style":"default","zakra_menu_item_color":"","zakra_menu_item_hover_color":"","zakra_menu_item_active_color":"","zakra_menu_active_style":"","zakra_page_header":true,"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[39,70,67,72,73,52,69,71,43],"class_list":["post-1985","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hot-off-the-easel","tag-acrylic","tag-carbon","tag-dna","tag-double-helix","tag-intelligent-life","tag-metal-leaf","tag-molecules","tag-silver-leaf","tag-space"],"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2284,"url":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2021\/10\/03\/tree-of-life\/","url_meta":{"origin":1985,"position":0},"title":"Tree of Life","author":"jenniferlang","date":"10\/03\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Tree of LifeAcrylic and copper metal leaf on board23\u00be\" x 32\"I really like using metal leaf in my paintings.\u00a0 Metal leaf is a very thin sheet of foil and comes in gold, silver or copper colors.\u00a0 I first apply an adhesive and after it has dried I take a sheet\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off the Easel"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off the Easel","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/category\/hot-off-the-easel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/TreeOfLife1-1-e1632975033714.jpg?fit=447%2C295&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":2693,"url":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2021\/11\/05\/reflected-awareness\/","url_meta":{"origin":1985,"position":1},"title":"Reflected Awareness","author":"jenniferlang","date":"11\/05\/2021","format":false,"excerpt":"Reflected AwarenessAcrylic and silver metal leaf on canvas20\" x 20\"I'm also calling this one the space Buddha.Colors can have powerful effects on our psyche and I wanted to create a piece that invoked calmness.\u00a0 I used the colors of blue and green for their healing and rejuvenating properties.\u00a0The seven stars\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off the Easel"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off the Easel","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/category\/hot-off-the-easel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Reflected_Awareness-1024x1019.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Reflected_Awareness-1024x1019.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Reflected_Awareness-1024x1019.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Reflected_Awareness-1024x1019.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5208,"url":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2026\/01\/06\/stars-and-stripes\/","url_meta":{"origin":1985,"position":2},"title":"Stars and Stripes","author":"jenniferlang","date":"01\/06\/2026","format":false,"excerpt":"Stars and StripesCigar wood paper, acrylic paint and silver metal leaf inside a cigar boxThis piece was commissioned for someone that breeds Bettas and he was trying to get them bred in time for the fourth of July. He succeeded. I used a sheet of thin wood paper from a\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Cigar Box Collection"","block_context":{"text":"Cigar Box Collection","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/category\/cigar-box-collection\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stars-And-Stripes-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stars-And-Stripes-2.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stars-And-Stripes-2.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Stars-And-Stripes-2.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":4839,"url":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2025\/03\/02\/cigar-box-lids-part-3\/","url_meta":{"origin":1985,"position":3},"title":"Cigar Box Lids part 3","author":"jenniferlang","date":"03\/02\/2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Phases of the Moon I love the way this one turned out.\u00a0 I wanted it to look like the big golden moon I get to see rising outside my studio window. Infinity I was chatting with a patron that had a tattoo of an analemma on her arm.\u00a0 An analemma\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off the Easel"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off the Easel","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/category\/hot-off-the-easel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LidMoonPhases.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LidMoonPhases.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LidMoonPhases.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/LidMoonPhases.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1863,"url":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/2020\/11\/06\/space-city-sunset\/","url_meta":{"origin":1985,"position":4},"title":"Space City Sunset","author":"jenniferlang","date":"11\/06\/2020","format":false,"excerpt":"Space City SunsetAcrylic and metal leaf on board32\" x 24\" I have been working on some new space paintings, which I will have at the First Saturday Arts Market in the Heights It took me a little while and a whole lot of sanding to get the painting inside the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In "Hot Off the Easel"","block_context":{"text":"Hot Off the Easel","link":"https:\/\/jenniferlangart.com\/index.php\/category\/hot-off-the-easel\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/SpaceCitySunset.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/SpaceCitySunset.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/jenniferlangart.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/SpaceCitySunset.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, 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